The new abrogative referendum scheduled for June 8–9, 2025, aims to shorten the time required to obtain Italian citizenship through residency. This legislative initiative seeks to amend Law No. 91/1992—a piece of legislation now considered outdated—specifically modifying Article 9, which governs access to citizenship for foreign nationals. The referendum question, already approved by the Constitutional Court, could lead to a simplification of procedures and increased inclusivity, though it raises some interpretative uncertainties. Let’s take a closer look.
1. Main Pathways to Acquiring Italian Citizenship
There are four primary ways to obtain Italian citizenship:
- By residency (naturalization), currently granted after at least 10 years of continuous legal residence in Italy;
- By marriage to an Italian citizen;
- Jure sanguinis, or by descent from Italian citizens;
- Other special cases, including citizenship granted for exceptional service to the State.
The referendum focuses specifically on citizenship by residency.
2. Objectives of the Referendum
The referendum seeks to:
- Completely repeal letter f) of Article 9 of Law No. 91/1992, which currently requires 10 years of residence;
- Amend letter b) by removing references to adoption by Italian citizens and the associated time requirements following such adoption.
Under the proposed reform, adult foreign nationals would be eligible to apply for Italian citizenship after five years of legal residence in Italy.
3. Text of the Citizenship Law if the “Yes” Vote Prevails
If the referendum succeeds, Article 9, letter b) of Law No. 91/1992 would be revised as follows:
“Italian citizenship is granted to adult foreign nationals who have legally resided in the territory of the Republic for at least five years.”
4. Interpretative Ambiguities Regarding Timing
One of the key concerns with the revised text involves uncertainty about when the five-year period begins. Specifically, it is unclear whether the five years must commence after reaching the age of majority, or whether years of legal residence prior to adulthood may also count. A strict interpretation by the Ministry could require five full years of residency after turning 18.
5. Why Consult an Expert Immigration Lawyer in Bologna?
If you are considering applying for recognition of Italian citizenship, a lawyer with expertise in immigration law can assist you in gathering the necessary documentation and ensuring that your application is submitted correctly. Consulting a legal professional can help you avoid delays and prevent costly procedural errors.
Integra – Immigration, Work and Rights offers a wide range of services and is located in Bologna, at Via Cesare Battisti no. 33, and in Pesaro, at Viale della Vittoria 161.
